Monday, July 2, 2012

Is self-interest an appropriate motivation for a free society?


During Homeric times, self-interest was the driving force to motivate individuals to make decisions. Achilles was motivated by his own pride and honor to leave the army, causing the death of many, even his best friend, Patroclus.  Just as Agamemnon’s interests were motivated by his power and authority to do what it was more convenient to him, bringing his own death and the death of others.

Calchas, the prophet, states to Achilles that “[he, Achilles, is] stronger [than Agamemnon] and that is a goddess that bore him, but [Agamemnon] is more powerful, since he rules over more (The Iliad, Book I.265)Since Agamemnon had such a great authority, he was motivated to take advantage of the ones below him, caring less about a free society. Eventually this brought destruction and death.

On the other side, Thucydides teaches us how democracy was part of the Athenian law.  According to Thucydides:

…the administration of [the Athenian constitution] favours the many instead of the few (Thucydides pg. 267).

This statement shows a very opposite approach than the one followed in the Homeric times. Because of the democracy which favoured the many, Athenians in Thucydides had freedom in their ordinary lives (Thucydides pg. 267).

In conclusion, self-interest doesn’t motivate a free society as seen in the example of Achilles and Agamemnon. Their self-interest just brought sorrow and pain.

2 comments:

  1. I like how you credited self interest and taking advantage of others the downfall of Agamemnon. That is so true! With democracy, most people are free to have self-interest and be interested in their society as a whole and can all be equal.

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  2. Question, is it possibly for the ideal of self-interest to be in relations to a country as a whole, as one? If so, the idea of self-interest, when a nation is banded together as one, couldn't be anything less than good. If a country is at war with another, a common interest is to take form in order to insure success. But I can definitely agree with the self-interest of a man, usually ending up as not good, even for those impacted by what ever actions this self-interested person takes.

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